目录
本文通过四种方法实现OLED显示
设备选择
OLED介绍
接线表设计
OLED应用
1.标准库模拟IIC实现OLED显示
2.标准库IIC实现OLED显示
3.HAL库模拟IIC实现OLED显示
4.HAL库IIC实现OLED显示
实现效果
代码下载
1.单片机:STM32F103
2.0.96寸OLED显示屏
OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode):有机发光二极管又称为有机电激光显示,OLED显示技术具有自发光的特性,采用薄的有机材料涂层和玻璃基板,当有电流通过时,这些有机材料就会发光,而且OLED显示屏幕可视角度大,功耗低。OLED由于同时具备自发光、不需背光源(只上电是不会亮的,驱动程序和接线正确才会点亮)、对比度高、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快、可用于挠曲面板、使用温度范围广、结构及制程简单等优异之特性。最先接触的12864屏都是LCD的,需要背光,功耗较高,而OLED的功耗低,更加适合小系统;由于两者发光材料的不同,在不同的环境中,OLED的显示效果较佳。模块供电可以是3.3V也可以是5V,不需要修改模块电路,OLED屏具有多个控制指令,可以控制OLED的亮度、对比度、开关升压电路等指令。操作方便,功能丰富,可显示汉字、ASCII、图案等。
序号 | 激光测距模块 | 单片机STM32 |
1 | VCC | 3.3V/5V |
2 | SCL | PB6 |
3 | SDA | PB7 |
4 | GND | GND |
这里选用0.96寸OLED显示屏,它支持IIC通信,因此代码将以IIC展开。
整个实现过程,分为四种方式实现。
/**************************************************/
/* IIC Start */
/**************************************************/
void IIC_Start()
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);
}/**************************************************/
/* IIC Stop */
/**************************************************/
void IIC_Stop()
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);}void IIC_Wait_Ack() //检测应答
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);}
/**************************************************/
/* IIC Write byte */
/**************************************************/
void Write_IIC_Byte(uint8_t IIC_Byte)
{uint8_t i;uint8_t m,da;da=IIC_Byte;OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);for(i=0;i<8;i++) {m=da;// OLED_SCLK_Clr();m=m&0x80;if(m==0x80){OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);}else OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);da=da<<1;OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);}}
/*********************************************/
/* IIC Write Command */
/*********************************************/
void Write_IIC_Command(uint8_t IIC_Command) //写命令
{IIC_Start();Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); // OLED的I2C地址(禁止修改)IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(0x00); // OLED 指令(禁止修改) IIC_Wait_Ack();Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Command); IIC_Wait_Ack(); IIC_Stop();
}
/*********************************************/
/* IIC Write Data */
/*********************************************/
void Write_IIC_Data(uint8_t IIC_Data) //写数据
{IIC_Start();Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); // OLED的I2C地址(禁止修改) IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(0x40); // OLED 数据(禁止修改)IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Data);IIC_Wait_Ack(); IIC_Stop();
}
void OLED_WR_Byte(uint8_t dat,uint8_t cmd)
{if(cmd){Write_IIC_Data(dat);}else {Write_IIC_Command(dat);}
}
/*** @brief I2C_Configuration,初始化硬件IIC引脚* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void I2C_Configuration(void)
{I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_InitStructure;GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; /*I2C1外设时钟使能 */OLED_I2C_CLK_INIT(OLED_I2C_CLK,ENABLE);/*I2C1外设GPIO时钟使能 */RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(OLED_I2C_SCL_GPIO_CLK | OLED_I2C_SDA_GPIO_CLK,ENABLE);/* I2C_SCL、I2C_SDA*/GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = OLED_I2C_SCL_PIN;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD; // 开漏输出GPIO_Init(OLED_I2C_SCL_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = OLED_I2C_SDA_PIN;GPIO_Init(OLED_I2C_SDA_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); /* I2C 配置 */I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C; I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2; /* 高电平数据稳定,低电平数据变化 SCL 时钟线的占空比 */I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 =0x10; //主机的I2C地址.和其它设备不重复即可I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable ; I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit; /* I2C的寻址模式 */I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = I2C_Speed; /* 通信速率 */I2C_Init(OLED_I2C, &I2C_InitStructure); /* I2C1 初始化 */I2C_Cmd(OLED_I2C, ENABLE); /* 使能 I2C1 */}/*** @brief I2C_WriteByte,向OLED寄存器地址写一个byte的数据* @param addr:寄存器地址* data:要写入的数据* @retval 无*/
void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data)
{while(I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);//开启I2C1while(!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT));/*EV5,主模式*/I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);//器件地址 -- 默认0x78while(!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));I2C_SendData(I2C1, addr);//寄存器地址while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);//发送数据while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);//关闭I2C1总线
}/*** @brief WriteCmd,向OLED写入命令* @param I2C_Command:命令代码* @retval 无*/
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)//写命令
{I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}/*** @brief WriteDat,向OLED写入数据* @param I2C_Data:数据* @retval 无*/
void WriteDat(unsigned char I2C_Data)//写数据
{I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}/*** @brief OLED_Init,初始化OLED* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{delay_ms(1000); // 1s,这里的延时很重要,上电后延时,没有错误的冗余设计WriteCmd(0xAE); //display offWriteCmd(0x20); //Set Memory Addressing Mode WriteCmd(0x10); //00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,InvalidWriteCmd(0xb0); //Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7WriteCmd(0xc8); //Set COM Output Scan DirectionWriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column addressWriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column addressWriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line addressWriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control registerWriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xffWriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal displayWriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)WriteCmd(0x3F); //WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM contentWriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offsetWriteCmd(0x00); //-not offsetWriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequencyWriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratioWriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge periodWriteCmd(0x22); //WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configurationWriteCmd(0x12);WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomhWriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVccWriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enableWriteCmd(0x14); //WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}
static void OLED_GPIO_Init(void)
{GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_Struct;/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();GPIO_Struct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7| GPIO_PIN_6;GPIO_Struct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;GPIO_Struct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_Struct);}void OLED_GPIO(uint8_t add,uint8_t date)
{if(add==0){if(date==1) HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_SET);else if(date==0)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_PIN_RESET);}else if(add==1){if(date==1) HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_PIN_SET);else if(date==0)HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_PIN_RESET);}
}
/**************************************************/
/* IIC Start */
/**************************************************/
void IIC_Start()
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);
}/**************************************************/
/* IIC Stop */
/**************************************************/
void IIC_Stop()
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);}void IIC_Wait_Ack() //检测应答
{OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);}
/**************************************************/
/* IIC Write byte */
/**************************************************/
void Write_IIC_Byte(uint8_t IIC_Byte)
{uint8_t i;uint8_t m,da;da=IIC_Byte;OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);for(i=0;i<8;i++) {m=da;// OLED_SCLK_Clr();m=m&0x80;if(m==0x80){OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,1);}else OLED_GPIO(OLED_SDA,0);da=da<<1;OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,1);OLED_GPIO(OLED_CLK,0);}}
/*********************************************/
/* IIC Write Command */
/*********************************************/
void Write_IIC_Command(uint8_t IIC_Command) //写命令
{IIC_Start();Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); // OLED的I2C地址(禁止修改)IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(0x00); // OLED 指令(禁止修改) IIC_Wait_Ack();Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Command); IIC_Wait_Ack(); IIC_Stop();
}
/*********************************************/
/* IIC Write Data */
/*********************************************/
void Write_IIC_Data(uint8_t IIC_Data) //写数据
{IIC_Start();Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); // OLED的I2C地址(禁止修改) IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(0x40); // OLED 数据(禁止修改)IIC_Wait_Ack(); Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Data);IIC_Wait_Ack(); IIC_Stop();
}
void OLED_WR_Byte(uint8_t dat,uint8_t cmd)
{if(cmd){Write_IIC_Data(dat);}else {Write_IIC_Command(dat);}
}
//写命令
void OLED_WR_CMD(uint8_t cmd)
{HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1 ,0x78,0x00,I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT,&cmd,1,0x100);
}
//写数据
void OLED_WR_DATA(uint8_t data)
{HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1 ,0x78,0x40,I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT,&data,1,0x100);
}void WriteCmd()
{HAL_Delay(1000); // 1s,这里的延时很重要,上电后延时,没有错误的冗余设计OLED_WR_CMD(0xAE); //display offOLED_WR_CMD(0x20); //Set Memory Addressing Mode OLED_WR_CMD(0x10); //00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,InvalidOLED_WR_CMD(0xb0); //Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7OLED_WR_CMD(0xc8); //Set COM Output Scan DirectionOLED_WR_CMD(0x00); //---set low column addressOLED_WR_CMD(0x10); //---set high column addressOLED_WR_CMD(0x40); //--set start line addressOLED_WR_CMD(0x81); //--set contrast control registerOLED_WR_CMD(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xffOLED_WR_CMD(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127OLED_WR_CMD(0xa6); //--set normal displayOLED_WR_CMD(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)OLED_WR_CMD(0x3F); //OLED_WR_CMD(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM contentOLED_WR_CMD(0xd3); //-set display offsetOLED_WR_CMD(0x00); //-not offsetOLED_WR_CMD(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequencyOLED_WR_CMD(0xf0); //--set divide ratioOLED_WR_CMD(0xd9); //--set pre-charge periodOLED_WR_CMD(0x22); //OLED_WR_CMD(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configurationOLED_WR_CMD(0x12);OLED_WR_CMD(0xdb); //--set vcomhOLED_WR_CMD(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVccOLED_WR_CMD(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enableOLED_WR_CMD(0x14); //OLED_WR_CMD(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}
由于频闪的原因,拍不全。
从代码上可以发现,IIC实现比模拟IIC实现起来要简单不少。
创作不易,下面提供下载链接,涉及以上四种实现方法源码。
如有问题或需求可私信交流
源码下载地址:
STM32实现0.96寸OLED显示模拟IIC和IIC四种实现(标准库和HAL库)-C文档类资源-CSDN文库
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